Elevator



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(N0 Model.)

I. B. PERKINS.

ELEVATOR.

No. 442,199. Patented Dec. 9, 1890.

(No Model.)

v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. B. PERKINS.

ELEVATOR.

No. 442,199. Patented Dec. 9, 1890.

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UNTTED STATES FRANCIS B. PERKINS, OF

PATENT OEEICE.

BOSTON, MAssAcnUsE'rTs.

ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 442,199, dated December9, 1890.

Application filed March 16, 1839- Serial No. 303,566. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS B. PERKINS, of

Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented an Improvement in Elevators, of which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to elevators of that class known as hydraulicelevators, and has for its object to provide a dead or absolute stop ateither the top or bottom, orboth, of the elevator well or shaft, wherebythe travel of the elevator is stoppedindependently of the usual shippermechanism. In accordance with my invention I cmployan auxiliary balancedpiston-valve controlling the passage of water to and from the maincylinder to operate the piston therein and effect movement of theelevator-car. The auxiliary balanced piston-valve referred to ispreferably provided with suitable packing to render the same water-tightwhen seated, and is also provided with a relief, shown as a port orports, by which the pressure upon the said auxiliary valve may berelieved on the movement of the elevator-car in either direction, aswill be described.-

The particular features of my invention will be pointed out in theclaims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents in elevation at suiiicient portion of a hydraulicelevating mechanism to enable my invention to be understood. Fig. 2 isan under side view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1; Fig.3, a sectional detail of the auxiliary valve, and Fig. i an enlargeddetail to be referred to.

The cylinder A,provided witha piston (not shown) having the piston-rodsA, connected to a cross-head A movable in guides A is and may be such ascommonly used in hydraulic elevatorssuch, for instance, as thewell-known Whittier elevator. The crosshead A is connected by rods A toa second cross-head, (not shown,) but by which are carried the movablesheaves upon which the elevator hoistingropes are wound, as usual wit-hthis class of elevators. The cylinder A is provided with an inlet-porta, communicating with the interior of an auxiliary valve-chest (1,provided with an inlet-port (t and containing an auxiliary balancedhollow piston-valve a provided with circumferential ports a. Thepiston-valve a is provided with valve stems or rods a a, extended fromits heads a a The valve-chest a" is provided with a cylindricalextension Z), as shown, in which reciprocates a piston b on thevalve-stem a, the said cylindrical extension being connected by apassage 1; with the valve-chest (4 beyond the valve-seat b Each head ofthe piston-valve has secured to it, as by screws or bolts 1)", a washerZ1 and a packing-ring b, extended above or beyond the head of thepiston-valve, so that when the pistoirvalve is seated a water-tightjoint is effected and the supply to the cylinder A absolutely cut olf.It will be seen thatabalanee of the auxiliary valve is eitected by meansof the passage 11 The valve-stem a is connected, as by link 0, to pin orrod 0', herein shown as resting upon the upper side of a guide-arm 0 novided with a double cam-surface 0 (See Fig. 2 and dotted lines, Fig. 1.)The guide-arm c is pivoted, as at c, to a casting or bracket 0 and hasconnected to or forming part of it an arm 0", joined by an adjustablec0nnecting-rod c with a similar arm 0 connected to a second cam-arm csimilar to the cam-arm 0 the cam-arm o being pivoted, as at c to abracket 0 secured to the guide A. The cross-head A has secured to it asubstantially- T-shaped arm d, having mounted upon the opposite ends ofthe horizontal arm (1 rollers d (1 which enter the cam-grooves in thearms 0 c. The inlet-port a? of theauxiliary valvechest a is connected tothe outlet-port of the main valve, (i10tSl'lOWl1,) but which is operatedby the usual shipper mechanism.

As shown in Fig. i, let it be supposed that the clevatoncar is ascendingand that the crosshead A is moving in the direction of arrow 20, theauxiliary valve being in the position shown in Figs. 3 and i. The wateris being admitted through the auxiliary valve into the cylinder, asindicated by arrows 21, Figs. 3 and at. As the piston in the cylinderapproaches the end of its strokethat is, when the elevator is at or nearthe top of the elevator shaft or well-the roller-(Z enters the arm 0and, acting on the double cam groove or surface a graduallyturns thesaid arm on its pivot and gradually closes the auxiliary valve, so thatwhen the piston has reached the end of its stroke the head a of theauxiliary valve is seated and the admission of water to the cylinder Acompletely and absolutely cut off by the packing Z) co-operating w ththe valve-seat 12 It now it is desired to have the elevator descend, themain valve is opened to the exhaust; but the auxiliary valve beingbalanced would not ordinarily open to permit the escape of the water inthe cylinder, and in order that the said valve may be opened after beingonce closed a relief for the said auxiliary valve is provided, the saidrelief being herein shown as ports 6 e in the heads a a of the saidvalve. 7 The relief-port e is'closd by a valve (shown as a washer epressed against the head a by a spiral spring 0 encircling the valvestem or rod a and having one end bearing against the piston Z) and itsother end against a collar 6 loose on the valve-stem a and interposedbetween the valve 6 and spring 6. The ports e are closed, as hereinshown, by a valve forming part of the packing Z), secured to the head a.

Let it be supposed that the elevator is at the top of its shaft or welland the auxiliary valve is closed, as described. The main valve is nowoperated through the shipper mechanism to connect the auxiliary-valvechest a with the exhaust. lVhen the pressure upon the head a iswithdrawn, the pressure of the water in the auxiliary valve opens thereliefvalve 6 and permits the escape of water. The auxiliary valve isthus unlocked or relieved from pressure, and the weight of the car movesthe main piston. As the main piston and its connected cross-head A aremoved the roller (1 is withdrawn from the cam-arm 0 As the roller (Z iswithdrawn from the cam-arm c it turns the said arm on its pivot andopens the auxiliary valve, permitting the escape of water from thecylinder A through the said valve in a directicn opposite to thatindicated by arrow 21, Fig. 3. As the piston approaches the end of itsstroke in the opposite direction the roller 61 enters the cam-groove inthe arm 0", and through the arm a rod 0 and arms 0 c closes theauxiliary valve-that is, seats the head a hen the main valve is openedthrough the shipper mechanism to start the elevator upward, the wateradmitted into the auxiliary valve through the ports a passes through theports 6 and acts on the piston in the cylinder A to effect a gradualstarting of the elevator until in the movement of the piston andcross-head A the roller cl is withdrawn from the cam-lever c and opensthe auxiliary valve.

I claim- 1. In a hydraulic elevator, a cylinder, its piston, andcross-head connected to said piston, combined with an auxiliary balancedpiston-valve to control the admission of water to the said cylinder,relief-ports e c in the heads of the said piston-valve, check-valves tocontrol said relief-ports, and means, substantially as described, tooperate said auxiliary-piston valve to open and close the same at theend of the piston-stroke, whereby an absolute stop is effected for theelevator independently of the shipper mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a hydraulic elevator, the combination, with a cylinder, itspiston, and a crosshead connected thereto, of an auxiliary balancedhollow piston-valve having circumferential ports a through which thewater may flow into and from the said cylinder, reliefports a e in theheads of the hollow pistonvalve, check-valves to control saidreliefport-s, a cam-arm operatively connected to said auxiliary-pistonvalve, and an arm connected to the said cross-head and provided with aroller or projection to co-operate with said cam-arm, substantially asdescribed.

In a hydraulic elevator, the combina tion, with a cylinder, its piston,and a crosshead connected thereto, of an auxiliary balanced valve tocontrol the flow of water to and from the said cylinder and providedwith a packing to render the valve watertight when closed, and a reliefport or ports in said balanced valve, and a check-valve to control saidrelief-ports, a pivoted camarm provided with double cam-surfaces andhaving its free end connected to said auxiliary valve, and an armconnected to the cross-head and provided with a roller or projection toact on the said double cam-surfaces, substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic elevator, a cylinder, its piston, and cross-headconnected to said piston, combined with an auxiliary-valve casingprovided with a valve-seat, an auxiliary balanced hollow piston-valvelocated in said casing and provided with circumferential ports a, apacking secured to. the pistonheads to fit the said valve-seatwater-tight, a relief for said auxiliary valve to permit the elevator tobe started after the said valve is seated, and means, substantially asdescribed, to operate said auxiliary valve to open and close the same atthe end of the piston-stroke, whereby an absolute stop is effected forthe elevator independently of the shipper mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS l3. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

JAS. H. CHURCHILL, MABEL RAY.

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